In order to live an organised life, we need a calendar. The word ‘calendar’ involves the artificial divisioning of time into smaller and larger units, as it is based on the heavenly bodies that Elohim established for this purpose.
In the Bible, the Israelites’ festivals are also linked to the sowing and harvesting of their grain and fruit and then the people gathered to honour YaHUaH as their Elohim, but the pagan nations honoured their gods.
Because of this dependence on what they sow, pagan nations used their their observations of what was going on in space and then worshipped their idols, which they then linked to the sun, moon and stars. Sacrifices were done, including human sacrifices. That is why YaHUaH expressly commanded Israel not to worship the heavenly bodies.
Astronomers of the various populations devised their calendars. The movements of the sun, moon and the stars were their natural guides. Initially, the moon with its noticeable changes provided lunar calendars. Most ancient calendars were therefore lunar calendars, but Egypt had a solar calendar which was accompanied by the Nile’s floods which were necessary for when the planting season could start for them.
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